نشریه اکوبیولوژی تالاب
سال هفتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 26، زمستان 1394)

Fish is a part of Caspian Sea biological resources that plays valuable and important role in supplying food for humans, especially indigenous and local communities. In recent years, natural and anthropogenic activities added much of heavy metals into the aquatic ecosystem. These contaminants are able to attract the aquatic food chain. This study investigated the concentrations of arsenic and iron in the muscle and skin tissues of common kilka (Clupeonella cultiventris caspia) (50n =) and Luza (Alosa caspia) (17n =) sewage because of the importance in human nutrition and the need to ensure health in the southern shores of the Caspian Sea is studied. Fish samples collected and goal tissues were digested by acid and then metal concentrations studied using atomic absorption (Scientific Equipment GBS model). Results showed that the mean concentration of arsenic and iron between muscle and skin tissues of two studied species had significant differences with each other (05 / 0P <). The results showed that concentrations of arsenic and iron in Luza had significant difference between tissues of common kilka species (05 / 0p <). The results of Pearson correlation test showed no significant correlation between arsenic and iron in muscle tissue and the skin of Luza and common kilka (05 / 0p>). Compare the results with the international standards, presernted that arsenic and iron concentrations in fish muscle and skin were lower than international standards.

As a major ecosystem type, wetland provides invaluable ecological services. Environmental pollution, especially Pesticide runoffs have to be paid more attention to keep wetlands healthy. This paper propose Methodology namely, deterministic approach for assessment of ecological risk of pesticides on shadegan wetland. Deterministic approach or risk quotient (RQ) was calculated using the water concentration and toxicant reference values of five pesticides (DDT, Aldrine, Dieldrin, Ametryn, Lindane) in shadegan wetland in 2010. The results of deterministic approach showed that the highest of RQ for insect larvae (Chironomus sp.) 4/3 µg/l, shirbot or large scaled barb (Barbus grypus) 1/06 µg/l, benni (Barbus sharpeyi) 0/9 µg/l, golden barb (Barbus luteus) 0/7µg/l relation to other studied groups of phytoplankton, zooplankton, vertebrates, insects and fishes are showed.Also the environment is exposed to Higher risk. It is recommended that proper countermeasures should be implemented to reduce the risks.

The aim of this study is determination of lead concentration in water, sediment and fish from Hamoon wetland and its comparison with international standards. Analysis of lead concentrations was performed by atomic absorption Perkin Elmer 4100 device. Fish species, water and sediments were collected from Hamoon- e-Saburi wetland. Mean concentrations of Pb in muscle of Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Schizocypris altidorsalis, and Schizothorax zardunyi were 0.32, 0.39, 0.35, 0.72 and 0.81 mg/kg respectively, and 0.74, 0.79, 0.74, 0.76 and 0.83 mg/kg in kidney, respectively. Lead concentrations in three stations were 0.40, 0.41 and 0.42 mg/kg, and Pb in sediments was 0.83, 1.15 and 1.21 mg/kg. The results of laboratory analysis showed that there are not any significant correlation between the concentration of lead in the kidney and muscle (r=0.14). Lead concentrations in Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix was under the scope proposed by FAO, WHO, FDA, TAL, UK (MAFF) and NHMRC, but lead concentration in Schizocypris altidorsalis, and Schizothorax zardunyi were higher than WHO and TAL. The results showed that water lead concentration was not statistically different between the three stations, but there was a significant difference between the concentrations of lead in three station sediments.

The overall aim of the present study was to determine the effects of Lidokaein (anesthetic agent) on Oreochromis niloticus in control condition in order to aquaculture improvement of fish hatcheries. For this purpose, we used 4 anesthetic concentrations in 4 treatments. To determine the efficacy of each concentration of Lidokaeine, induction time, recovery time and mortality were estimated. An inverse exponential relationship was observed between concentrations of anesthetic and induction time, whereas exponential relationships were observed between concentrations and recovery times for all anesthetic agents evaluated. The regression equations established for induction time and concentrations were IS3=153.25x−1.065 (R2=0. 93) for Lidokaeine. The regression equations established for recovery time and concentrations were RS3=0.0321x1.1598 (R2=0. 99) for Lidokaeine. Furthermore, Lidokaeine.was found to be effective at much lower concentrations in achieving the desired level of anesthetic induction and recovery in O. niloticus. This translates into larger safety margins and increasing cost-effectiveness in favor of lidokaeine compared to others.

One of the recent strategies in most countries in the field of recent economic growth has been a particular concern, tourists. Among all types of tourism, ecotourism is more compatible with sustainable development. Iran, due to the great extent, climatic diversity etc. has unique capability in the field of ecotourism. Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province has high ability in this regard. Gandoman wetland in this province, according to the beautiful scenery is a great potential for the development of ecotourism. In this study, we tried using SWOT, AHP and ANP strategies for the development of the wetland ecotourism that could be provided. Analytic descriptive Methods and survey analysis of 20 tourism experts were used. The results (year 2012 – 2013) showed that: A total of 45 strengths and opportunities, with a score of (4.19) as the advantages and disadvantage and threaten with a score of 47 weight (3.21) as there are limitations wetland ecotourism development, Then, according to the results SWOT; to provide 6 strategy for each of four strategies (SO, ST, WO, WT) were measured. Since the proposed strategy did not have the same importance, so by using AHP model of each four proposed strategies; the best strategies were selected. These strategies include of competitive strategy-aggressive (SO) (Provision of facilities and services based on the needs assessment, etc.), Diversity strategy (ST) (policies to prevent an increase in rates land), the strategy review (WO) (adopt security measures to protect wetland reserves with the help of authorities, etc.) and defensive strategies WT (enjoying modern technology and harmony with the environment, etc.). Finally, using AHP to prioritize the implementation of each four strategies that SO strategy priority, WT The second priority, WO third priority, and eventually won the fourth priority ST.

This study done with the aim of green space development (tree planting) in the watershed to prevent erosion and as well as reconstruction of destroyed places, examines site selection of suitable lands for Amygdalus Scoparia planting in the Watershed Mordghafar in izeh township located in the northeastern khouzestan province in summer 1390. For this purpose, the nine most influential parameters including mean annual precipitation ,mean annual temperature, elevation classes, slope, slope aspect, geology, Geomorphology, soil depth and soil texture were selected as appropriate measures in GIS maps were produced. Analytical Hierarchy Process AHP used for weighting the maps. With a combination of standard maps in GIS, mapping the location of the four fitness classes, was produced. The research results show that 37% of the total area (814 hectares) for Amygdalus Scoparia planting that is very appropriate for the geographic directions North and South and on the high altitudes (1000-1300 m) is consistent.

Taleghan River is important river of the Sefid River basin that encountered various antropological effects such as damming due to development of human communitis. Hence, its fish species are excelent cases to study the impact of these effects. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the morphological differences of Kura barbel (B. cyri) populations inhabiting up and downstream of the Sangban Dam (Taleghan River) using geometric and traditional morphometric methods by comparing the power of these methods to reveal their morphological differences. The results showed that geometric morphometric is an accurate and powerfull tool to discriminate close populations in terms of morphological charactrestics compared to traditional one. Whereas traditional technique is limited to measure distances and merely the ratios is able to show differences between populations. Therefore, up and downstream populations did not discriminate using traditional method, but geometric method could significantly discrimintat them in terms of morphological traits (P<0/005). The results also showed that the Sangban Dam has been caused differences in the morpgological features including body depth, head length and caudal peduncle depth of up and downstream populations of Kura barbel

The biodiversity of fishes has very important role in ecological researches of riverine ecosystem.The goal of this research was to study the changes in biodiversity, richness and evenness of fishes community in Gargar river in Shoshtar in summer and autumn 2014. Recognizing the fish accomplished by electro shocker. Samples were recognitied by Key books. Accordingly, 138 pieces of fish contains 52 pieces in summer and 86 pieces in autumn were sampled and recognized. According to the results of this research, 11species belonging to three families as Cyprinidae, Mugilidae and Siluridae was attended. The most abundance species was belong that Chondrostoma Regium with a frequency of 6 pieces in station 4 in the summer, and Cyprinion kai with 11 pieces in station 4 in the Autumn. The maximum amount of Shannon-wiener species diversity index was 1/85 in summer at four stations, and the maximum amount of this index was 2.011 in the autumn at1 station. Therefore, it showed balance in environment. The most of Margalef species richness index was (2.26) in the summer at four station and most of these indicator was (3.004) in Station Number of one in the autumn. The most Simpson species evenness (0.98) was in summer at two station. And maximum amount of this index was (0.865) in the autumn at three station. One-way ANOVA test showed no significant difference between indicators of biodiversity in the summer and fall (P>0/05) and results showed condition was even between studied areas